Upstream networks
AS28709 VKONTAKTE-REGIONAL-CDN Regional CDN vk.com
Unclassified RIPE
Transit
Upstream networks
Networks observed carrying traffic for AS28709: the AS immediately before it in a routing path. Ranked by how many paths showed the relationship, which reflects how widely it is used, not how much traffic crosses it.
| AS | Network | Type | Families | Paths seen |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS12389 | PJSC Rostelecom | Residential | IPv4 IPv6 | 832 |
| AS31133 | PJSC MegaFon | Mobile | IPv4 IPv6 | 90 |
| AS3216 | PJSC "Vimpelcom" | Mobile | IPv4 IPv6 | 79 |
| AS8359 | MTS PJSC | Mobile | IPv4 | 18 |
| AS49673 | Truenetwork LLC | Unclassified | IPv4 | 12 |
| AS20485 | Joint Stock Company TransTeleCom | Unclassified | IPv4 | 9 |
| AS9002 | RETN Limited | Unclassified | IPv4 IPv6 | 4 |
| AS37721 | Virtual Technologies & Solutions | Residential | IPv4 | 3 |
| AS57304 | JSC "RetnNet" | Unclassified | IPv4 | 3 |
Inferred from path position, not from any declaration by either party. A network appearing here is carrying these routes; whether that is a paid transit arrangement, a backup, or something else is not something routing data can tell you.
Derived from routing tables collected at 2026-10-28 10:00 UTC by route-views2,rrc00, as seen from 75 BGP vantage points across 73.21M route entries. These are observations from those vantage points, not a complete or authoritative view of the internet.