Autonomous system
AS49581 FERDINANDZINK
Hosting Spamhaus ASN-DROP RIPE NSP
Summary
Tube-Hosting
hosting dedicated germany
FERDINANDZINK is operated by Tube-Hosting, a German dedicated server provider.
What it's used for
- The address space carries dedicated server and hosting infrastructure, evidenced by netnames such as
Tube-Hosting,GHOSTNET-FRA, andInstantNode, and reverse DNS entries pointing totube-server.com. - The AS announces 9,472 IPv4 addresses across 36 prefixes and 56 IPv6 prefixes, while maintaining 186 observed neighbours. This ratio of moderate address inventory against a high neighbour count indicates a hosting provider with significant peering and transit relationships rather than a large access network.
- Traffic from this AS consists of dedicated server workloads, including web hosting, API endpoints, and server management services for clients in Europe.
Notable
- Registrants for the largest prefixes include
Ferdinand Zink trading as Tube-HostingandGHOSTnet GmbH, with netnames likeDE-FERDINANDZINK-20180507andGHOSTNET-FRAconfirming the operator's identity. - The address inventory is fragmented across multiple /24 blocks and a /23, with some prefixes registered to
GHOSTnet GmbHand others directly to the sole proprietorship, reflecting a mix of owned and potentially leased or acquired address space.
This description is AI-generated, best-effort context — not authoritative, and provided without any guarantee of accuracy. Source, and how to suggest an edit.
Interconnection
Peering at a glance
Internet exchanges
Recorded at 7 exchanges in 3 countries, largest first.
| Exchange | Location | Their address |
|---|---|---|
| DE-CIX Frankfurt | Frankfurt, Germany | 80.81.194.135 |
| Giganet Internet Exchange | Kyiv, Ukraine | 185.1.62.44 |
| The Frys Internet Exchange | Frysian, Netherlands | 2001:7f8:10f::c1ad:97 |
| Speed Internet Exchange | Dronten, Netherlands | 185.1.223.30 |
| InterIX Internet Exchange | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 2001:7f8:134::2f |
| ERA-IX Amsterdam | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 185.1.240.81 |
| LayerSwitch Internet Exchange | The Hague, Netherlands | 185.1.32.147 |
Transit providers
16 upstream, 92 downstream and 179 adjacent networks observed; most-used upstreams first.
Exchange presence is recorded rather than inferred: the directory collected by Packet Clearing House (https://www.pch.net/ixp/data) on 2026-10-13, licensed CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. Transit is inferred from observed BGP paths, never declared by either party.
Address space
Summary
IPv4 38 prefixes · 9.98K addresses IPv6 57 prefixes
| Country | Name | Prefixes |
|---|---|---|
| DE | Germany | 95 |
Registry
Allocation record
- Registry
- RIPE
- Handle
AS49581- Registry name
- TUBE-HOSTING
- Registrant
- FZ-IP-MNT
- Abuse contact
- abuse@as49581.net
- Registered
- 2022-03-07
- Last changed
- 2026-03-28
- Allocation
- allocated
Declared
PeeringDB profile
- Name
- Tube-Hosting
- Also known as
- Tube-Hosting
- Network type
- NSP
- Scope
- Europe
- Traffic ratio
- Balanced
- Peering policy
- Open
- IRR as-set
RIPE::AS-TUBE- Present at
- 16 exchanges
- Facilities
- 5 facilities
- Website
- https://tube-hosting.com/
PeeringDB records are maintained by the network operator and are not independently verified. Treat them as a statement of intent rather than of fact. For the observed and recorded view, see peering, which lists the exchanges Packet Clearing House has a port on file for.
Routing security
RPKI and IRR
- RPKI
- 93% valid · 39 valid, 1 with no ROA 2 RPKI-invalid
- ROAs
- 48 authorising AS49581
- ASPA
- no ASPA record
- IRR
- 98% registered · 41 of 42 announcements 1 other origin
- Route objects
- 63 naming AS49581
Reputation
Classification and threat
Hosting Datacenter or cloud provider. Addresses are servers, not people.
Spamhaus DROP
On Spamhaus ASN-DROP Spamhaus lists this entire
network (associated domain tube-hosting.de)
as controlled by, or hijacked for, cybercrime. Many operators null-route
everything it originates.
No DROP prefixes None of its announced space is on the DROP prefix list.
Spamhaus DROP ("Don't Route Or Peer") lists space and networks run by, or hijacked for, spam and cybercrime operations: 442 networks and 1,773 prefixes, as published 2026-10-13. A short, high-confidence list, so a match is worth taking seriously, and absence from it says little on its own.
FBI IC3
1 IC3 indicators addresses in this network appear in FBI IC3 cybersecurity advisories.
| Prefix | Advisory | Published |
|---|---|---|
80.75.212.113 | FortiBleed Operations Continue Targeting Exposed Systems Leading to Reports of Lockouts | 2026-10-06 |
IC3 threat data is alpha. Absence of an indicator is not evidence of good behaviour, only of absence from this one feed.
Elsewhere