Autonomous system
AS4492 ASPA-INVALID Antonios A. Chariton
Unclassified RIPE
Summary
ASPA-INVALID (Antonios A. Chariton)
research legacy
A small personal network run by Antonios A. Chariton, transferred into the RIPE region in 2024 and deliberately configured to be RPKI ASPA Invalid. The RIPE object is literally named ASPA-INVALID.
What it's used for
- A live routing-security experiment. Its ASPA object declares that only AS0 may be its upstream, while in reality it is announced behind a real transit AS — so any validating network should reject its routes.
- Announcing a single IPv4 /24 (
193.5.19.0/24) and one IPv6 /48.
Notable
- Not an eyeball or hosting network. AS4492 exists to be wrong on purpose, as a measurable canary for ASPA deployment.
- The stated expectation is that as ASPA validation spreads, the visibility of this AS's prefixes should fall toward zero — making it a slow-moving, real-world adoption gauge.
Interesting
- The low AS number is not early-internet pedigree. This one was reissued and moved between registries in 2024; the current holder is a modern operator who put it to a very unusual use.
This description is AI-generated, best-effort context — not authoritative, and provided without any guarantee of accuracy. Source, and how to suggest an edit.
Interconnection
Peering at a glance
Internet exchanges
No exchange port on file. Many exchanges publish no participant list, so this is not proof of absence.
Transit providers
1 upstream, 0 downstream and 2 adjacent networks observed; most-used upstreams first.
| AS | Network | Paths seen |
|---|---|---|
| AS4601 | Antonios A. Chariton | 95 |
Exchange presence is recorded rather than inferred: the directory collected by Packet Clearing House (https://www.pch.net/ixp/data) on 2026-11-03, licensed CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. Transit is inferred from observed BGP paths, never declared by either party.
Address space
Summary
IPv4 1 prefixes · 256 addresses IPv6 1 prefixes
| Country | Name | Prefixes |
|---|---|---|
| GR | Greece | 2 |
Registry
Allocation record
- Registry
- RIPE
- Handle
AS4492- Registry name
- ASPA-INVALID
- Registrant
- gr-daknob-1-mnt
- Abuse contact
- abuse@daknob.net
- Registered
- 2024-10-22
- Last changed
- 2026-06-05
- Allocation
- allocated
Routing security
RPKI and IRR
- RPKI
- 100% valid · 2 valid, 0 with no ROA
- ROAs
- 2 authorising AS4492
- ASPA
- 1 declared providers
- IRR
- 100% registered · 2 of 2 announcements
- Route objects
- 3 naming AS4492
Reputation
Classification and threat
Unclassified Not in the curated lists. Most of the ~80,000 allocated ASNs are not.
Spamhaus DROP
Not on ASN-DROP The network as a whole is not listed.
No DROP prefixes None of its announced space is on the DROP prefix list.
Spamhaus DROP ("Don't Route Or Peer") lists space and networks run by, or hijacked for, spam and cybercrime operations: 448 networks and 1,851 prefixes, as published 2026-11-04. A short, high-confidence list, so a match is worth taking seriously, and absence from it says little on its own.
FBI IC3
No IC3 indicators Nothing from the FBI IC3 feed.
IC3 threat data is alpha. Absence of an indicator is not evidence of good behaviour, only of absence from this one feed.
Elsewhere