Observed topology
AS25478 IHOME-AS iHome LLC
Unclassified RIPE
Transit
Upstream networks
Networks observed carrying traffic for AS25478: the AS immediately before it in a routing path. Ranked by how many paths showed the relationship, which reflects how widely it is used, not how much traffic crosses it.
Transit
Downstream networks
Networks for which AS25478 was observed as the last hop before the origin, meaning it appears to provide them transit.
| AS | Network | Type | Families | Paths seen |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS56694 | LLC Smart Ape | Residential | IPv4 | 323 |
| AS16143 | OOO NIIR-RadioNet | Unclassified | IPv4 | 90 |
| AS2854 | LLC Orange Business Services | Unclassified | IPv4 | 62 |
| AS41560 | UGMK-Telecom LLC | Unclassified | IPv4 | 54 |
| AS60388 | JSC "Oil Transportation and Production Telecommunications" | Residential | IPv4 | 54 |
| AS47481 | Lime HD LLC | Hosting | IPv4 | 29 |
| AS204128 | OOO WestCall Ltd. | Unclassified | IPv4 | 22 |
| AS5429 | Telecommunications center UMOS, LLC | Unclassified | IPv4 | 21 |
| AS48739 | SPUTNIK LLC | Unclassified | IPv4 | 17 |
| AS3226 | OOO "NI" | Unclassified | IPv4 | 10 |
Adjacency
Adjacent networks
Every AS seen directly next to AS25478 in a routing path, in either direction.
| AS | Network | Type | Families | Paths seen |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS12389 | PJSC Rostelecom | Residential | IPv4 IPv6 | 1,028 |
| AS20764 | CJSC RASCOM | Unclassified | IPv4 IPv6 | 334 |
| AS56694 | LLC Smart Ape | Residential | IPv4 IPv6 | 324 |
| AS52091 | Level-MSK Ltd. | Unclassified | IPv4 | 144 |
| AS2854 | LLC Orange Business Services | Unclassified | IPv4 | 138 |
| AS16143 | OOO NIIR-RadioNet | Unclassified | IPv4 | 90 |
| AS20485 | Joint Stock Company TransTeleCom | Unclassified | IPv4 IPv6 | 84 |
| AS60388 | JSC "Oil Transportation and Production Telecommunications" | Residential | IPv4 IPv6 | 81 |
| AS1299 | Arelion Sweden AB | Transit | IPv4 IPv6 | 74 |
| AS61031 | ESCOMTEL BACKGROUND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS Ltd. | Residential | IPv4 | 57 |
Provenance
Where this comes from
Derived from routing tables collected at 2026-11-09 10:00 UTC by route-views2,rrc00, as seen from 75 BGP vantage points across 73.03M route entries. These are observations from those vantage points, not a complete or authoritative view of the internet.
Inferred from path position, not from any declaration by either party. A network appearing here is carrying these routes; whether that is a paid transit arrangement, a backup, or something else is not something routing data can tell you. Adjacency is not the same as peering. Being next to each other in a path covers paid transit, settlement-free peering and customer connections alike, and routing data cannot distinguish them. Treat this as "these networks exchange routes", nothing more specific.
Cross-check against RIPEstat or BGP.tools, which observe from a different and larger set of vantage points.