Upstream networks
AS198478 Alireza Mirzaei Fard
Unclassified RIPE Educational/Research
Transit
Upstream networks
Networks observed carrying traffic for AS198478: the AS immediately before it in a routing path. Ranked by how many paths showed the relationship, which reflects how widely it is used, not how much traffic crosses it.
| AS | Network | Type | Families | Paths seen |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AS213768 | Thomas Neumann | Hosting | IPv6 | 26 |
| AS20473 | The Constant Company, LLC | Hosting | IPv6 | 12 |
Inferred from path position, not from any declaration by either party. A network appearing here is carrying these routes; whether that is a paid transit arrangement, a backup, or something else is not something routing data can tell you.
Derived from routing tables collected at 2026-10-31 10:00 UTC by route-views2,rrc00, as seen from 76 BGP vantage points across 74.50M route entries. These are observations from those vantage points, not a complete or authoritative view of the internet.