Routing security
AS196991 SO-UPS
Unclassified RIPE
Announcements
What this network originates
Every prefix observed with AS196991 as its origin, checked against RPKI and the IRR. Problems sort first.
RPKI · ROAs
Route origin authorisations
Signed statements by address holders that AS196991 may originate these prefixes, up to the maximum length shown.
No ROA names this AS as an authorised origin.
ROA-based and RPKI-valid-only prefix lists for routers are on asn.ipinfo.app.
RPKI · ASPA
Declared transit providers
No ASPA record This network has not published an ASPA object. ASPA lets a network sign the list of its transit providers, so routers can reject paths that route through anyone else (route leaks). Only a few thousand networks publish one so far, so its absence is normal.
IRR
Registered route objects
Route objects naming AS196991 as origin, across RADb, the RIR registries, ALTDB and NTTCOM. Objects that are registered but not announced come first: a stale object lets anyone who can spoof this origin through an IRR-built filter.
| Prefix | Source | Description | Maintainer | Changed | Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178.74.128.0/19 | RIPE | RU-SO-UPS 1 | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-02-16 | Not announced |
| 178.74.160.0/19 | RIPE | RU-SO-UPS 2 | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-02-16 | Not announced |
| 178.74.128.0/24 | RIPE | RU-SO-UPS IA | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-02-01 | Announced |
| 178.74.129.0/24 | RIPE | Centr ODU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.131.0/24 | RIPE | Vladimirskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.132.0/24 | RIPE | Vologodskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.133.0/24 | RIPE | VoronezhRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-05-24 | Announced |
| 178.74.135.0/24 | RIPE | Kostromskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.136.0/24 | RIPE | SO-UPS Kurskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2015-06-22 | Announced |
| 178.74.137.0/24 | RIPE | Lipetskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-09-28 | Announced |
| 178.74.138.0/24 | RIPE | Sverdlovskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-09-29 | Announced |
| 178.74.139.0/24 | RIPE | SO-UPS Ryazanskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2012-11-26 | Announced |
| 178.74.140.0/24 | RIPE | SO-UPS Smolenskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2012-08-14 | Announced |
| 178.74.141.0/24 | RIPE | SO-UPS Yakuskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2016-02-24 | Announced |
| 178.74.143.0/24 | RIPE | Tulskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.144.0/24 | RIPE | Yaroslavskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.145.0/24 | RIPE | SO-UPS ODU Severo-Zapada route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2012-02-22 | Announced |
| 178.74.146.0/24 | RIPE | ArkhangelskRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-06-03 | Announced |
| 178.74.147.0/24 | RIPE | Baltiyskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.148.0/24 | RIPE | Karelskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-09-05 | Announced |
| 178.74.149.0/24 | RIPE | Kolskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-08-08 | Announced |
| 178.74.150.0/24 | RIPE | KomiRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2012-02-22 | Announced |
| 178.74.151.0/24 | RIPE | SO-UPS Leningradskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2012-02-22 | Announced |
| 178.74.152.0/24 | RIPE | Novgorodskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.153.0/24 | RIPE | ODU Yuga route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2012-01-10 | Announced |
| 178.74.154.0/24 | RIPE | AstrakhanskoeRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2015-08-10 | Announced |
| 178.74.155.0/24 | RIPE | Volgogradskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.156.0/24 | RIPE | DagestanRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-05-24 | Announced |
| 178.74.157.0/24 | RIPE | SO-UPS Kubanskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2012-02-22 | Announced |
| 178.74.158.0/24 | RIPE | RostovRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-05-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.159.0/24 | RIPE | Moskovskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.160.0/24 | RIPE | Srednyaya Volga ODU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.163.0/24 | RIPE | Nizhegorodskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.164.0/24 | RIPE | SaratovskoeRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-07-11 | Announced |
| 178.74.165.0/24 | RIPE | SO-UPS Penzenskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2012-08-08 | Announced |
| 178.74.166.0/24 | RIPE | Tatarstan RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.169.0/24 | RIPE | Ural ODU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.170.0/23 | RIPE | — | SOUPS-MNT | 2026-05-13 | Announced |
| 178.74.172.0/24 | RIPE | Orenburgskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.173.0/24 | RIPE | Permskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.174.0/24 | RIPE | Bashkirskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.175.0/24 | RIPE | TyumenRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-06-02 | Announced |
| 178.74.177.0/24 | RIPE | Chelyabinskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.178.0/24 | RIPE | Sibir ODU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-08-09 | Announced |
| 178.74.179.0/24 | RIPE | Kemerovskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.180.0/24 | RIPE | BuryatskoeRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-07-11 | Announced |
| 178.74.181.0/24 | RIPE | Zabaykalskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.182.0/24 | RIPE | KrasnoyarskoeRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-07-11 | Announced |
| 178.74.183.0/24 | RIPE | IrkutskRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-05-16 | Announced |
| 178.74.184.0/24 | RIPE | NovosibirskRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-06-15 | Announced |
| 178.74.185.0/24 | RIPE | Omskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
| 178.74.187.0/24 | RIPE | KhakasskoeRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-07-11 | Announced |
| 178.74.188.0/24 | RIPE | VostokODU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-07-11 | Announced |
| 178.74.189.0/24 | RIPE | Amurskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-06-08 | Announced |
| 178.74.190.0/24 | RIPE | PrimorskoeRDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2011-07-11 | Announced |
| 178.74.191.0/24 | RIPE | Chernomorskoe RDU route object | SOUPS-MNT | 2025-07-23 | Announced |
IRR
AS-sets
The as-set is what upstreams expand to build this network's customer filter. Sets that list AS196991 directly show who expects to carry it.
| AS-set | Where | Relationship |
|---|---|---|
AS-BLOCK-SET | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-BLOCKED-RU | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-DONPAC | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-DSIJSC | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-EFES | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-HURRICANE | RADB | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-LES | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-MIRALOGIC | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-NETCOMLINK | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-PETERSTAR | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-PFES | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-POTOK | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-ROSTELECOM | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-ROSTELECOM-SZ | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-ROSTELECOM:AS-SMRA | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-RUSNET | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-RUSNET-GLDN | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-RUSNETIX | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-SAMARA-TTK | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-SETTC | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-SIBNET | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-STTK | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-SUTTK | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-SYNTERRA-NW | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-SZKTI | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-TTK | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-TTK-DV | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-UMN | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-VOLGATELECOM-CUSTOMERS | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-YUG-SVYAZ | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS-ZSTTK-SET | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS3216:AS-ALL | RIPE | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
AS3491:AS-CUSTOMERS-EU | RADB | Lists AS196991 as a direct member |
RPKI from rpki-client, validated 2026-10-18 12:08 UTC. IRR from ARIN, RADB, RIPE, ALTDB, APNIC, LACNIC, NTTCOM, AFRINIC, collected 2026-10-18. Cross-check on bgp.he.net.